Serveur d'exploration sur la paléopathologie

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Investigating the Global Dispersal of Chickens in Prehistory Using Ancient Mitochondrial DNA Signatures

Identifieur interne : 000453 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000452; suivant : 000454

Investigating the Global Dispersal of Chickens in Prehistory Using Ancient Mitochondrial DNA Signatures

Auteurs : Alice A. Storey [Australie] ; J. Stephen Athens [États-Unis] ; David Bryant [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Mike Carson [États-Unis] ; Kitty Emery [États-Unis] ; Susan Defrance [États-Unis] ; Charles Higham [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Leon Huynen [Australie] ; Michiko Intoh [Japon] ; Sharyn Jones [États-Unis] ; Patrick V. Kirch [États-Unis] ; Thegn Ladefoged [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Patrick Mccoy [États-Unis] ; Arturo Morales-Mu Iz [Espagne] ; Daniel Quiroz [Chili] ; Elizabeth Reitz [États-Unis] ; Judith Robins [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Richard Walter [Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Elizabeth Matisoo-Smith [Nouvelle-Zélande]

Source :

RBID : PMC:3405094

Abstract

Data from morphology, linguistics, history, and archaeology have all been used to trace the dispersal of chickens from Asian domestication centers to their current global distribution. Each provides a unique perspective which can aid in the reconstruction of prehistory. This study expands on previous investigations by adding a temporal component from ancient DNA and, in some cases, direct dating of bones of individual chickens from a variety of sites in Europe, the Pacific, and the Americas. The results from the ancient DNA analyses of forty-eight archaeologically derived chicken bones provide support for archaeological hypotheses about the prehistoric human transport of chickens. Haplogroup E mtDNA signatures have been amplified from directly dated samples originating in Europe at 1000 B.P. and in the Pacific at 3000 B.P. indicating multiple prehistoric dispersals from a single Asian centre. These two dispersal pathways converged in the Americas where chickens were introduced both by Polynesians and later by Europeans. The results of this study also highlight the inappropriate application of the small stretch of D-loop, traditionally amplified for use in phylogenetic studies, to understanding discrete episodes of chicken translocation in the past. The results of this study lead to the proposal of four hypotheses which will require further scrutiny and rigorous future testing.


Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039171
PubMed: 22848352
PubMed Central: 3405094


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Investigating the Global Dispersal of Chickens in Prehistory Using Ancient Mitochondrial DNA Signatures</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Alice A" sort="Storey, Alice A" uniqKey="Storey A" first="Alice A." last="Storey">Alice A. Storey</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<addr-line>Department of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, University of New England, Armidale</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Armidale</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Athens, J Stephen" sort="Athens, J Stephen" uniqKey="Athens J" first="J. Stephen" last="Athens">J. Stephen Athens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<addr-line>International Archaeological Research Institute, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai‘i, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>International Archaeological Research Institute, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai‘i</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hawai‘i</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bryant, David" sort="Bryant, David" uniqKey="Bryant D" first="David" last="Bryant">David Bryant</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff3">
<addr-line>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Carson, Mike" sort="Carson, Mike" uniqKey="Carson M" first="Mike" last="Carson">Mike Carson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff4">
<addr-line>Micronesian Area Research Center (MARC), University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Micronesian Area Research Center (MARC), University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Guam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Emery, Kitty" sort="Emery, Kitty" uniqKey="Emery K" first="Kitty" last="Emery">Kitty Emery</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff5">
<addr-line>Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Defrance, Susan" sort="Defrance, Susan" uniqKey="Defrance S" first="Susan" last="Defrance">Susan Defrance</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff6">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Higham, Charles" sort="Higham, Charles" uniqKey="Higham C" first="Charles" last="Higham">Charles Higham</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff7">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Huynen, Leon" sort="Huynen, Leon" uniqKey="Huynen L" first="Leon" last="Huynen">Leon Huynen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff8">
<addr-line>Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Intoh, Michiko" sort="Intoh, Michiko" uniqKey="Intoh M" first="Michiko" last="Intoh">Michiko Intoh</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff9">
<addr-line>National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, Japan</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jones, Sharyn" sort="Jones, Sharyn" uniqKey="Jones S" first="Sharyn" last="Jones">Sharyn Jones</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff10">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Alabama</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kirch, Patrick V" sort="Kirch, Patrick V" uniqKey="Kirch P" first="Patrick V." last="Kirch">Patrick V. Kirch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff11">
<addr-line>Departments of Anthropology and Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departments of Anthropology and Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ladefoged, Thegn" sort="Ladefoged, Thegn" uniqKey="Ladefoged T" first="Thegn" last="Ladefoged">Thegn Ladefoged</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff12">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Auckland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mccoy, Patrick" sort="Mccoy, Patrick" uniqKey="Mccoy P" first="Patrick" last="Mccoy">Patrick Mccoy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff13">
<addr-line>Pacific Consulting Services, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai’i, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pacific Consulting Services, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai’i</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hawai’i</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Morales Mu Iz, Arturo" sort="Morales Mu Iz, Arturo" uniqKey="Morales Mu Iz A" first="Arturo" last="Morales-Mu Iz">Arturo Morales-Mu Iz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="aff14">
<addr-line>Depto. Biologia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Depto. Biologia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université autonome de Madrid</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Quiroz, Daniel" sort="Quiroz, Daniel" uniqKey="Quiroz D" first="Daniel" last="Quiroz">Daniel Quiroz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff15">
<addr-line>Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos-Proyecto Fondecyt, Santiago, Chile</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos-Proyecto Fondecyt, Santiago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Santiago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Reitz, Elizabeth" sort="Reitz, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Reitz E" first="Elizabeth" last="Reitz">Elizabeth Reitz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff16">
<addr-line>Georgia Museum of Natural History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Georgia Museum of Natural History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Robins, Judith" sort="Robins, Judith" uniqKey="Robins J" first="Judith" last="Robins">Judith Robins</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff17">
<addr-line>School of Biological Sciences and Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences and Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Auckland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Walter, Richard" sort="Walter, Richard" uniqKey="Walter R" first="Richard" last="Walter">Richard Walter</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff7">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, Elizabeth" sort="Matisoo Smith, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E" first="Elizabeth" last="Matisoo-Smith">Elizabeth Matisoo-Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff18">
<addr-line>Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, and Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, and Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">22848352</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3405094</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3405094</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3405094</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0039171</idno>
<date when="2012">2012</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000360</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000360</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000360</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000360</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000152</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000152</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000C01</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000C01</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000C01</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000454</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000453</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000453</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Investigating the Global Dispersal of Chickens in Prehistory Using Ancient Mitochondrial DNA Signatures</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Alice A" sort="Storey, Alice A" uniqKey="Storey A" first="Alice A." last="Storey">Alice A. Storey</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff1">
<addr-line>Department of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology, University of New England, Armidale</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Armidale</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Athens, J Stephen" sort="Athens, J Stephen" uniqKey="Athens J" first="J. Stephen" last="Athens">J. Stephen Athens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff2">
<addr-line>International Archaeological Research Institute, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai‘i, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>International Archaeological Research Institute, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai‘i</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hawai‘i</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bryant, David" sort="Bryant, David" uniqKey="Bryant D" first="David" last="Bryant">David Bryant</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff3">
<addr-line>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Carson, Mike" sort="Carson, Mike" uniqKey="Carson M" first="Mike" last="Carson">Mike Carson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff4">
<addr-line>Micronesian Area Research Center (MARC), University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Micronesian Area Research Center (MARC), University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Guam</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Emery, Kitty" sort="Emery, Kitty" uniqKey="Emery K" first="Kitty" last="Emery">Kitty Emery</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff5">
<addr-line>Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Defrance, Susan" sort="Defrance, Susan" uniqKey="Defrance S" first="Susan" last="Defrance">Susan Defrance</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff6">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Higham, Charles" sort="Higham, Charles" uniqKey="Higham C" first="Charles" last="Higham">Charles Higham</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff7">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Huynen, Leon" sort="Huynen, Leon" uniqKey="Huynen L" first="Leon" last="Huynen">Leon Huynen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff8">
<addr-line>Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Queensland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Intoh, Michiko" sort="Intoh, Michiko" uniqKey="Intoh M" first="Michiko" last="Intoh">Michiko Intoh</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff9">
<addr-line>National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, Japan</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea>National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Osaka</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jones, Sharyn" sort="Jones, Sharyn" uniqKey="Jones S" first="Sharyn" last="Jones">Sharyn Jones</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff10">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Alabama</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kirch, Patrick V" sort="Kirch, Patrick V" uniqKey="Kirch P" first="Patrick V." last="Kirch">Patrick V. Kirch</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff11">
<addr-line>Departments of Anthropology and Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Departments of Anthropology and Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ladefoged, Thegn" sort="Ladefoged, Thegn" uniqKey="Ladefoged T" first="Thegn" last="Ladefoged">Thegn Ladefoged</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff12">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Auckland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mccoy, Patrick" sort="Mccoy, Patrick" uniqKey="Mccoy P" first="Patrick" last="Mccoy">Patrick Mccoy</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff13">
<addr-line>Pacific Consulting Services, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai’i, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pacific Consulting Services, Inc., Honolulu, Hawai’i</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Hawai’i</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Morales Mu Iz, Arturo" sort="Morales Mu Iz, Arturo" uniqKey="Morales Mu Iz A" first="Arturo" last="Morales-Mu Iz">Arturo Morales-Mu Iz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="aff14">
<addr-line>Depto. Biologia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Depto. Biologia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université autonome de Madrid</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Quiroz, Daniel" sort="Quiroz, Daniel" uniqKey="Quiroz D" first="Daniel" last="Quiroz">Daniel Quiroz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff15">
<addr-line>Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos-Proyecto Fondecyt, Santiago, Chile</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Chili</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos-Proyecto Fondecyt, Santiago</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Santiago</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Reitz, Elizabeth" sort="Reitz, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Reitz E" first="Elizabeth" last="Reitz">Elizabeth Reitz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:aff id="aff16">
<addr-line>Georgia Museum of Natural History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Georgia Museum of Natural History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Robins, Judith" sort="Robins, Judith" uniqKey="Robins J" first="Judith" last="Robins">Judith Robins</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff17">
<addr-line>School of Biological Sciences and Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>School of Biological Sciences and Department of Anthropology, University of Auckland, Auckland</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Auckland</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Walter, Richard" sort="Walter, Richard" uniqKey="Walter R" first="Richard" last="Walter">Richard Walter</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff7">
<addr-line>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, Elizabeth" sort="Matisoo Smith, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E" first="Elizabeth" last="Matisoo-Smith">Elizabeth Matisoo-Smith</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="aff18">
<addr-line>Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, and Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, and Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Otago, Dunedin</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Dunedin</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2012">2012</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Data from morphology, linguistics, history, and archaeology have all been used to trace the dispersal of chickens from Asian domestication centers to their current global distribution. Each provides a unique perspective which can aid in the reconstruction of prehistory. This study expands on previous investigations by adding a temporal component from ancient DNA and, in some cases, direct dating of bones of individual chickens from a variety of sites in Europe, the Pacific, and the Americas. The results from the ancient DNA analyses of forty-eight archaeologically derived chicken bones provide support for archaeological hypotheses about the prehistoric human transport of chickens. Haplogroup E mtDNA signatures have been amplified from directly dated samples originating in Europe at 1000 B.P. and in the Pacific at 3000 B.P. indicating multiple prehistoric dispersals from a single Asian centre. These two dispersal pathways converged in the Americas where chickens were introduced both by Polynesians and later by Europeans. The results of this study also highlight the inappropriate application of the small stretch of D-loop, traditionally amplified for use in phylogenetic studies, to understanding discrete episodes of chicken translocation in the past. The results of this study lead to the proposal of four hypotheses which will require further scrutiny and rigorous future testing.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back>
<div1 type="bibliography">
<listBibl>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Underhill, Ap" uniqKey="Underhill A">AP Underhill</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Akishinonomiya, F" uniqKey="Akishinonomiya F">F Akishinonomiya</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Miyake, T" uniqKey="Miyake T">T Miyake</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sumi, S I" uniqKey="Sumi S">S-I Sumi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Takada, M" uniqKey="Takada M">M Takada</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ohno, S" uniqKey="Ohno S">S Ohno</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Akishinonomiya, F" uniqKey="Akishinonomiya F">F Akishinonomiya</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Miyake, T" uniqKey="Miyake T">T Miyake</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Takada, M" uniqKey="Takada M">M Takada</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shingu, R" uniqKey="Shingu R">R Shingu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Endo, T" uniqKey="Endo T">T Endo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Darwin, C" uniqKey="Darwin C">C Darwin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Eriksson, J" uniqKey="Eriksson J">J Eriksson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Larson, G" uniqKey="Larson G">G Larson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gunnarsson, U" uniqKey="Gunnarsson U">U Gunnarsson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bed Om, B" uniqKey="Bed Om B">B Bed’hom</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tixier Boichard, M" uniqKey="Tixier Boichard M">M Tixier-Boichard</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nishibori, M" uniqKey="Nishibori M">M Nishibori</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shimogiri, T" uniqKey="Shimogiri T">T Shimogiri</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hayashi, T" uniqKey="Hayashi T">T Hayashi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yasue, H" uniqKey="Yasue H">H Yasue</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Simoons, Fj" uniqKey="Simoons F">FJ Simoons</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Johnsgard, Pa" uniqKey="Johnsgard P">PA Johnsgard</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Collias, Ne" uniqKey="Collias N">NE Collias</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Collias, Ec" uniqKey="Collias E">EC Collias</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kelly, L" uniqKey="Kelly L">L Kelly</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Aa" uniqKey="Storey A">AA Storey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ladefoged, Tn" uniqKey="Ladefoged T">TN Ladefoged</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, Ea" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">EA Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peters, Jp" uniqKey="Peters J">JP Peters</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Crawford, Rd" uniqKey="Crawford R">RD Crawford</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Liu, Y P" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y-P Liu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wu, G S" uniqKey="Wu G">G-S Wu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yao, Yg" uniqKey="Yao Y">YG Yao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Miao, Y W" uniqKey="Miao Y">Y-W Miao</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Luikart, G" uniqKey="Luikart G">G Luikart</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Muir, W" uniqKey="Muir W">W Muir</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wong, Gks" uniqKey="Wong G">GKS Wong</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y Zhang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, J" uniqKey="Wang J">J Wang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Groenen, Mam" uniqKey="Groenen M">MAM Groenen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Varro, Mt" uniqKey="Varro M">MT Varro</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lind, Lr" uniqKey="Lind L">LR Lind</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hehn, V" uniqKey="Hehn V">V Hehn</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Brown, E" uniqKey="Brown E">E Brown</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Beebe, W" uniqKey="Beebe W">W Beebe</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Crawford, Rd" uniqKey="Crawford R">RD Crawford</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fuller, Dq" uniqKey="Fuller D">DQ Fuller</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zeuner, Fe" uniqKey="Zeuner F">FE Zeuner</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="West, B" uniqKey="West B">B West</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhou, B X" uniqKey="Zhou B">B-X Zhou</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Glover, I" uniqKey="Glover I">I Glover</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bellwood, Ps" uniqKey="Bellwood P">PS Bellwood</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Serjeantson, D" uniqKey="Serjeantson D">D Serjeantson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cool, Hem" uniqKey="Cool H">HEM Cool</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yalden, D" uniqKey="Yalden D">D Yalden</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Albarella, U" uniqKey="Albarella U">U Albarella</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bellwood, P" uniqKey="Bellwood P">P Bellwood</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Robins, Jh" uniqKey="Robins J">JH Robins</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Savolainen, P" uniqKey="Savolainen P">P Savolainen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leitner, T" uniqKey="Leitner T">T Leitner</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wilton, An" uniqKey="Wilton A">AN Wilton</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lundeberg, J" uniqKey="Lundeberg J">J Lundeberg</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Larson, G" uniqKey="Larson G">G Larson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cucchi, T" uniqKey="Cucchi T">T Cucchi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fujita, M" uniqKey="Fujita M">M Fujita</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Robins, J" uniqKey="Robins J">J Robins</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Aa" uniqKey="Storey A">AA Storey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ramirez, Jm" uniqKey="Ramirez J">JM Ramirez</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Quiroz, D" uniqKey="Quiroz D">D Quiroz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Burley, Dv" uniqKey="Burley D">DV Burley</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Addison, Dj" uniqKey="Addison D">DJ Addison</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Aa" uniqKey="Storey A">AA Storey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Spriggs, M" uniqKey="Spriggs M">M Spriggs</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bedford, S" uniqKey="Bedford S">S Bedford</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hawkins, Sc" uniqKey="Hawkins S">SC Hawkins</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Robins, Jh" uniqKey="Robins J">JH Robins</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gongora, J" uniqKey="Gongora J">J Gongora</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rawlence, Nj" uniqKey="Rawlence N">NJ Rawlence</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mobegi, Va" uniqKey="Mobegi V">VA Mobegi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jianlin, H" uniqKey="Jianlin H">H Jianlin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alcalde, Ja" uniqKey="Alcalde J">JA Alcalde</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gongora, J" uniqKey="Gongora J">J Gongora</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rawlence, Nj" uniqKey="Rawlence N">NJ Rawlence</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mobegi, Va" uniqKey="Mobegi V">VA Mobegi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jianlin, H" uniqKey="Jianlin H">H Jianlin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Alcalde, Ja" uniqKey="Alcalde J">JA Alcalde</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Aa" uniqKey="Storey A">AA Storey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Quiroz, D" uniqKey="Quiroz D">D Quiroz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Aa" uniqKey="Storey A">AA Storey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Quiroz, D" uniqKey="Quiroz D">D Quiroz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Beavan, Nr" uniqKey="Beavan N">NR Beavan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Storey, Aa" uniqKey="Storey A">AA Storey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Quiroz, D" uniqKey="Quiroz D">D Quiroz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ramirez, Jm" uniqKey="Ramirez J">JM Ramirez</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Beavan Athfield, Nr" uniqKey="Beavan Athfield N">NR Beavan-Athfield</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Addison, Dj" uniqKey="Addison D">DJ Addison</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Reitz, Ej" uniqKey="Reitz E">EJ Reitz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mcewan, Bg" uniqKey="Mcewan B">BG McEwan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Caudill, D" uniqKey="Caudill D">D Caudill</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kanginakudru, S" uniqKey="Kanginakudru S">S Kanginakudru</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Metta, M" uniqKey="Metta M">M Metta</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jakati, Rd" uniqKey="Jakati R">RD Jakati</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nagaraju, J" uniqKey="Nagaraju J">J Nagaraju</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bradley, Dg" uniqKey="Bradley D">DG Bradley</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Higham, C" uniqKey="Higham C">C Higham</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hernandez Carrasquilla, F" uniqKey="Hernandez Carrasquilla F">F Hernandez Carrasquilla</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mccoy, Pc" uniqKey="Mccoy P">PC McCoy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cleghorn, Pc" uniqKey="Cleghorn P">PC Cleghorn</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Defrance, Sd" uniqKey="Defrance S">SD deFrance</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Intoh, M" uniqKey="Intoh M">M Intoh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Intoh, M" uniqKey="Intoh M">M Intoh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Shigehara, N" uniqKey="Shigehara N">N Shigehara</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Intoh, M" uniqKey="Intoh M">M Intoh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Addison, Dj" uniqKey="Addison D">DJ Addison</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zerega, Njc" uniqKey="Zerega N">NJC Zerega</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ragone, D" uniqKey="Ragone D">D Ragone</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Motley, Tj" uniqKey="Motley T">TJ Motley</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Petersen, G" uniqKey="Petersen G">G Petersen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wickler, S" uniqKey="Wickler S">S Wickler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hemming, J" uniqKey="Hemming J">J Hemming</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Levesque, R" uniqKey="Levesque R">R Levesque</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Reinman, Fr" uniqKey="Reinman F">FR Reinman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Levesque, R" uniqKey="Levesque R">R Levesque</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hather, J" uniqKey="Hather J">J Hather</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kirch, Pv" uniqKey="Kirch P">PV Kirch</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yen, De" uniqKey="Yen D">DE Yen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fitzpatrick, Sm" uniqKey="Fitzpatrick S">SM Fitzpatrick</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Callaghan, R" uniqKey="Callaghan R">R Callaghan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="O Eilly, Djw" uniqKey="O Eilly D">DJW O’Reilly</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Schaffer, Ln" uniqKey="Schaffer L">LN Schaffer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Qu, Lj" uniqKey="Qu L">LJ Qu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Li, Xy" uniqKey="Li X">XY Li</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yang, N" uniqKey="Yang N">N Yang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="P Bo, S" uniqKey="P Bo S">S Pääbo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poinar, Hn" uniqKey="Poinar H">HN Poinar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Serre, D" uniqKey="Serre D">D Serre</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jaenicke Despres, V" uniqKey="Jaenicke Despres V">V Jaenicke-Despres</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hebler, J" uniqKey="Hebler J">J Hebler</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Luikart, G" uniqKey="Luikart G">G Luikart</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gielly, L" uniqKey="Gielly L">L Gielly</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Excoffier, L" uniqKey="Excoffier L">L Excoffier</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Vigne, J D" uniqKey="Vigne J">J-D Vigne</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bouvet, J" uniqKey="Bouvet J">J Bouvet</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Handley, Ljl" uniqKey="Handley L">LJL Handley</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Byrne, K" uniqKey="Byrne K">K Byrne</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Santucci, F" uniqKey="Santucci F">F Santucci</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Townsend, S" uniqKey="Townsend S">S Townsend</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Taylor, M" uniqKey="Taylor M">M Taylor</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Villa, C" uniqKey="Villa C">C Villá</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Savolainen, P" uniqKey="Savolainen P">P Savolainen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Maldonado, Je" uniqKey="Maldonado J">JE Maldonado</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Amorim, Ir" uniqKey="Amorim I">IR Amorim</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rice, Je" uniqKey="Rice J">JE Rice</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Savolainen, P" uniqKey="Savolainen P">P Savolainen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Y P" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y-P Zhang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Luo, J" uniqKey="Luo J">J Luo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lundeberg, J" uniqKey="Lundeberg J">J Lundeberg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leitner, T" uniqKey="Leitner T">T Leitner</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pisenti, Jm" uniqKey="Pisenti J">JM Pisenti</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Delany, Me" uniqKey="Delany M">ME Delany</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Taylor, Rl" uniqKey="Taylor R">RL Taylor</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Abbott, Uk" uniqKey="Abbott U">UK Abbott</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Abplanalp, H" uniqKey="Abplanalp H">H Abplanalp</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dancause, Kn" uniqKey="Dancause K">KN Dancause</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Vilar, Mg" uniqKey="Vilar M">MG Vilar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Steffy, R" uniqKey="Steffy R">R Steffy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lum, Jk" uniqKey="Lum J">JK Lum</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Delacour, J" uniqKey="Delacour J">J Delacour</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Oka, T" uniqKey="Oka T">T Oka</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ino, Y" uniqKey="Ino Y">Y Ino</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nomura, K" uniqKey="Nomura K">K Nomura</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kawashima, S" uniqKey="Kawashima S">S Kawashima</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kuwayama, T" uniqKey="Kuwayama T">T Kuwayama</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moiseeva, Ig" uniqKey="Moiseeva I">IG Moiseeva</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Yg" uniqKey="Zhang Y">YG Zhang</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zakharov, Ia" uniqKey="Zakharov I">IA Zakharov</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nikiforov, Aa" uniqKey="Nikiforov A">AA Nikiforov</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kovacs Nolan, J" uniqKey="Kovacs Nolan J">J Kovacs-Nolan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Phillips, M" uniqKey="Phillips M">M Phillips</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mine, Y" uniqKey="Mine Y">Y Mine</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wood Gush, Dgm" uniqKey="Wood Gush D">DGM Wood-Gush</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Newson, La" uniqKey="Newson L">LA Newson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cranstone, Bal" uniqKey="Cranstone B">BAL Cranstone</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Komiyama, T" uniqKey="Komiyama T">T Komiyama</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ikeo, K" uniqKey="Ikeo K">K Ikeo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gojobori, T" uniqKey="Gojobori T">T Gojobori</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Berlin, S" uniqKey="Berlin S">S Berlin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ellegren, H" uniqKey="Ellegren H">H Ellegren</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dixon, Es" uniqKey="Dixon E">ES Dixon</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Dana, N" uniqKey="Dana N">N Dana</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Megens, Hj" uniqKey="Megens H">HJ Megens</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Crooijmans, Rpma" uniqKey="Crooijmans R">RPMA Crooijmans</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hanotte, O" uniqKey="Hanotte O">O Hanotte</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mwacharo, J" uniqKey="Mwacharo J">J Mwacharo</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mwacharo, Jm" uniqKey="Mwacharo J">JM Mwacharo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bj Rnstad, G" uniqKey="Bj Rnstad G">G Bjørnstad</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mobegi, V" uniqKey="Mobegi V">V Mobegi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nomura, K" uniqKey="Nomura K">K Nomura</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hanada, H" uniqKey="Hanada H">H Hanada</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Brisbin, Il" uniqKey="Brisbin I">IL Brisbin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peterson, At" uniqKey="Peterson A">AT Peterson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Peterson, At" uniqKey="Peterson A">AT Peterson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Brisbin, Il" uniqKey="Brisbin I">IL Brisbin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Burnham, Gp" uniqKey="Burnham G">GP Burnham</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tegetmeier, Wb" uniqKey="Tegetmeier W">WB Tegetmeier</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Revay, T" uniqKey="Revay T">T Revay</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bodzsar, N" uniqKey="Bodzsar N">N Bodzsar</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mobegi, Ve" uniqKey="Mobegi V">VE Mobegi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hanotte, O" uniqKey="Hanotte O">O Hanotte</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hidas, A" uniqKey="Hidas A">A Hidas</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rubin, C J" uniqKey="Rubin C">C-J Rubin</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zody, Mc" uniqKey="Zody M">MC Zody</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Eriksson, J" uniqKey="Eriksson J">J Eriksson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meadows, Jrs" uniqKey="Meadows J">JRS Meadows</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sherwood, E" uniqKey="Sherwood E">E Sherwood</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pizzari, T" uniqKey="Pizzari T">T Pizzari</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Froman, Dp" uniqKey="Froman D">DP Froman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Birkhead, Tr" uniqKey="Birkhead T">TR Birkhead</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bradley, Dg" uniqKey="Bradley D">DG Bradley</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Knapp, M" uniqKey="Knapp M">M Knapp</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hofreiter, M" uniqKey="Hofreiter M">M Hofreiter</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cooper, A" uniqKey="Cooper A">A Cooper</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Poinar, Hn" uniqKey="Poinar H">HN Poinar</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, E" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E">E Matisoo-Smith</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Allen, Js" uniqKey="Allen J">JS Allen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ladefoged, Tn" uniqKey="Ladefoged T">TN Ladefoged</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Roberts, Rm" uniqKey="Roberts R">RM Roberts</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lambert, Dm" uniqKey="Lambert D">DM Lambert</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fu, V" uniqKey="Fu V">V Fu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Niu, D" uniqKey="Niu D">D Niu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, G" uniqKey="Chen G">G Chen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yu, X P" uniqKey="Yu X">X-P Yu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ruan, H" uniqKey="Ruan H">H Ruan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Guan, X" uniqKey="Guan X">X Guan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Geng, T" uniqKey="Geng T">T Geng</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Silva, P" uniqKey="Silva P">P Silva</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Smith, Ej" uniqKey="Smith E">EJ Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Harumi, T" uniqKey="Harumi T">T Harumi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sano, A" uniqKey="Sano A">A Sano</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kagami, H" uniqKey="Kagami H">H Kagami</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tagami, T" uniqKey="Tagami T">T Tagami</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Matsubara, Y" uniqKey="Matsubara Y">Y Matsubara</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lee, Yj" uniqKey="Lee Y">YJ Lee</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bhuiyan, Sa" uniqKey="Bhuiyan S">SA Bhuiyan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chung, Hj" uniqKey="Chung H">HJ Chung</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jung, Wy" uniqKey="Jung W">WY Jung</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Choi, Kd" uniqKey="Choi K">KD Choi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Liu, Yp" uniqKey="Liu Y">YP Liu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhu, Q" uniqKey="Zhu Q">Q Zhu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yao, Yg" uniqKey="Yao Y">YG Yao</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Liu, Zg" uniqKey="Liu Z">ZG Liu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lei, Cz" uniqKey="Lei C">CZ Lei</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Luo, J" uniqKey="Luo J">J Luo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ding, C" uniqKey="Ding C">C Ding</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, Gh" uniqKey="Chen G">GH Chen</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Niu, D" uniqKey="Niu D">D Niu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Luo, J" uniqKey="Luo J">J Luo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yu, X P" uniqKey="Yu X">X-P Yu</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, G" uniqKey="Chen G">G Chen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zhang, Y P" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y-P Zhang</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Huynen, L" uniqKey="Huynen L">L Huynen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lambert, Dm" uniqKey="Lambert D">DM Lambert</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mclennan, Ja" uniqKey="Mclennan J">JA McLennan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rickard, C" uniqKey="Rickard C">C Rickard</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Robertson, Ha" uniqKey="Robertson H">HA Robertson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Edgar, Rc" uniqKey="Edgar R">RC Edgar</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Swafford, Dl" uniqKey="Swafford D">DL Swafford</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Huson, Dh" uniqKey="Huson D">DH Huson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bryant, D" uniqKey="Bryant D">D Bryant</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Holland, Br" uniqKey="Holland B">BR Holland</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Moulton, V" uniqKey="Moulton V">V Moulton</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bronk Ramsey, C" uniqKey="Bronk Ramsey C">C Bronk Ramsey</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mccormac, Fg" uniqKey="Mccormac F">FG McCormac</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hogg, Ag" uniqKey="Hogg A">AG Hogg</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Blackwell, Pg" uniqKey="Blackwell P">PG Blackwell</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Buck, Ce" uniqKey="Buck C">CE Buck</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Higham, Tfg" uniqKey="Higham T">TFG Higham</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Reimer, Pj" uniqKey="Reimer P">PJ Reimer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Baillie, Mgl" uniqKey="Baillie M">MGL Baillie</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bard, E" uniqKey="Bard E">E Bard</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bayliss, A" uniqKey="Bayliss A">A Bayliss</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Beck, Jw" uniqKey="Beck J">JW Beck</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Chili</li>
<li>Espagne</li>
<li>Japon</li>
<li>Nouvelle-Zélande</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Alabama</li>
<li>Californie</li>
<li>Communauté de Madrid</li>
<li>Floride</li>
<li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>Madrid</li>
</settlement>
<orgName>
<li>Université autonome de Madrid</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="Australie">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Storey, Alice A" sort="Storey, Alice A" uniqKey="Storey A" first="Alice A." last="Storey">Alice A. Storey</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Huynen, Leon" sort="Huynen, Leon" uniqKey="Huynen L" first="Leon" last="Huynen">Leon Huynen</name>
</country>
<country name="États-Unis">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Athens, J Stephen" sort="Athens, J Stephen" uniqKey="Athens J" first="J. Stephen" last="Athens">J. Stephen Athens</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Carson, Mike" sort="Carson, Mike" uniqKey="Carson M" first="Mike" last="Carson">Mike Carson</name>
<name sortKey="Defrance, Susan" sort="Defrance, Susan" uniqKey="Defrance S" first="Susan" last="Defrance">Susan Defrance</name>
<name sortKey="Emery, Kitty" sort="Emery, Kitty" uniqKey="Emery K" first="Kitty" last="Emery">Kitty Emery</name>
<name sortKey="Jones, Sharyn" sort="Jones, Sharyn" uniqKey="Jones S" first="Sharyn" last="Jones">Sharyn Jones</name>
<name sortKey="Kirch, Patrick V" sort="Kirch, Patrick V" uniqKey="Kirch P" first="Patrick V." last="Kirch">Patrick V. Kirch</name>
<name sortKey="Mccoy, Patrick" sort="Mccoy, Patrick" uniqKey="Mccoy P" first="Patrick" last="Mccoy">Patrick Mccoy</name>
<name sortKey="Reitz, Elizabeth" sort="Reitz, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Reitz E" first="Elizabeth" last="Reitz">Elizabeth Reitz</name>
</country>
<country name="Nouvelle-Zélande">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Bryant, David" sort="Bryant, David" uniqKey="Bryant D" first="David" last="Bryant">David Bryant</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Higham, Charles" sort="Higham, Charles" uniqKey="Higham C" first="Charles" last="Higham">Charles Higham</name>
<name sortKey="Ladefoged, Thegn" sort="Ladefoged, Thegn" uniqKey="Ladefoged T" first="Thegn" last="Ladefoged">Thegn Ladefoged</name>
<name sortKey="Matisoo Smith, Elizabeth" sort="Matisoo Smith, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Matisoo Smith E" first="Elizabeth" last="Matisoo-Smith">Elizabeth Matisoo-Smith</name>
<name sortKey="Robins, Judith" sort="Robins, Judith" uniqKey="Robins J" first="Judith" last="Robins">Judith Robins</name>
<name sortKey="Walter, Richard" sort="Walter, Richard" uniqKey="Walter R" first="Richard" last="Walter">Richard Walter</name>
</country>
<country name="Japon">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Intoh, Michiko" sort="Intoh, Michiko" uniqKey="Intoh M" first="Michiko" last="Intoh">Michiko Intoh</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Espagne">
<region name="Communauté de Madrid">
<name sortKey="Morales Mu Iz, Arturo" sort="Morales Mu Iz, Arturo" uniqKey="Morales Mu Iz A" first="Arturo" last="Morales-Mu Iz">Arturo Morales-Mu Iz</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Chili">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Quiroz, Daniel" sort="Quiroz, Daniel" uniqKey="Quiroz D" first="Daniel" last="Quiroz">Daniel Quiroz</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Archeologie/explor/PaleopathV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000453 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000453 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Wicri/Archeologie
   |area=    PaleopathV1
   |flux=    Main
   |étape=   Exploration
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     PMC:3405094
   |texte=   Investigating the Global Dispersal of Chickens in Prehistory Using Ancient Mitochondrial DNA Signatures
}}

Pour générer des pages wiki

HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i   -Sk "pubmed:22848352" \
       | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd   \
       | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PaleopathV1 

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.27.
Data generation: Mon Mar 20 13:15:48 2017. Site generation: Sun Mar 10 11:28:25 2024